General purpose extensometers for axial tensile, compression, and cyclic testing. Testresources expertise is in providing application engineering services and static, dynamic and fatigue testing solutions that include both test machines and accessories. Jun 12, 2012 extensometry is the science of the measurement and analysis of changes in a materials linear dimensions during tensile testing. Also the yield strength, tensile strength, the changes in length and area, youngs modulus and rupture stress were determined too. The system measures longitudinal strain between two applied lines at a rate of up to 100 hz. Therefore, the optical extensometer also called a video extensometer 6 with a wide strain measurement range, proposed a few years ago, has great potential for application to uniaxial tensile. The extensometer is mounted on the specimen with the gauge length pin or zero pin in place to set the extensometers gauge length accurately. What informations can we get by using the extensometer during. Iso 527 and jis k 7161 resin materials plastics are found in a wide variety of items used on a daily basis. Tensile testing mookambika metallurgical solutions. The ve1 video extensometer is a high precision instrument that uses a noncontacting optical measurement system based on a digital camera and real time image processing to measure the longitudinal and transversal strain during a tensile test.
These define the gage length, accuracy, test sequence, and environmental conditions such as test temperature. A second limit of 100 kn was set to protect the instrument from applying a load greater than its capable load. Specimenrelated criteria however, the right choice of extensometer cannot be necessarily restricted to the basic material properties like specimen dimensions, plasticity, strength, and stiffness alone. Test in dynamic fourpoint bending and compare output to a standard.
It measures the force required to break a composite or plastic specimen and the extent to which the specimen stretches or elongates to that breaking point. Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure. What informations can we get by using the extensometer. Full bridge, 350 ohm strain gaged design for compatibility with nearly any test system. Single lap joints, 10 specimens per condition, were stretched at room temperature through the bonded small laps on the specimens extremities. To ensure axial tensile stress within the gage length, the axis of the test specimen should. The larger case contains the extensometer, a user manual, a plastic bag with drawings, and a small plastic case that contains spare parts, tools, rubber bands, and springs. Extensometer definition is an instrument for measuring minute deformations of test specimens caused by tension, compression, bending, or twisting. It can also be used with either fullyautomated or manual testing systems. Functions of the sie560a series, including the automatic detection of the midpoint between upper and lower grips, the automatic return to a specified gauge position, and the automatic release of specimens after testing is finished, ensure that routine testing can be performed conveniently and reproducibly. Model 3911 indirect tensile extensometer for asphalt, for testing per aashto tp31 and astm d4123. Extensometers are used to measure the engineering strain, llolo,during tensile experiments, lo being the gauge length of the extensometer. Jan 20, 2016 the extensometer is mounted on the specimen with the gauge length pin or zero pin in place to set the extensometers gauge length accurately. Which modulus did you find from the initial portion of the stressstrain curve.
Arcans specimens and single lap joints were stretched using an emic test machine at a crosshead displacement of 2 mm min. Extensometers for materials testing machines intelligent testing. The tensile testing laboratory was conducted using an instron load frame and the bluehill. The strainreadout zero should be set after the extensometer is in place on the specimen. Materials that are sensitive to strain rates exhibit higher tensile strengths and lower elongations at faster speeds. Extensometer definition of extensometer by merriamwebster. Its low weight and minimal activating force make it especially suitable for small and notch sensitive samples. The rate at which a test is performed can have a significant effect on tensile properties. Recently, plastics have started to be used as structural materials in transportation equipment, such as automobiles and aircraft, due to their strength and lightweight nature. However, the right choice of extensometer cannot be necessarily restricted to the basic material properties like.
A distinctive feature is the ability to perform a twoaxis tensile test, which. If you not use an extensometer but determined strain from the crosshead. These define the test sequence, accuracy, gage length, and environmental conditions like test temperature. The purpose of this lab was to apply the tensile test for two different materials steel and aluminum in order to determine the stressstrain relationship in them. Tensile testing is a destructive test process that provides information about the tensile strength, yield strength, and ductility of the metallic material. It is useful for stress strain measurements and tensile tests. Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic materials1. Extensometers a for materials testing b c d e f g h i j k. Determining tensile test offset yield strengths using.
The test procedure should be in conformance with the published test. Noncontacting video extensometer for tensile testing ve1. If testing to other standards, such as astm d638 or iso 178, automatic extensometers also provide the. Extensometers for indirect tensile testing of asphalt model. It relates the effect of a uniaxial tensile load force on the elongation change in length of a standard specimen. How to perform an astm d412 rubber elastomer tensile. This includes the materials shape and dimensions, test requirements, and the test standards that must be followed. How to perform an astm d412 rubber elastomer tensile strength. Astm e83 16 standard practice for verification and.
The choice of extensometer to use for a particular tensile test depends on multiple factors such as the type of material, the testing environment, the required testing standards such as precision, and the budget of the project. A typical instron load frame used for tensile testing. If the material is given compare your test results of strength and ductility with book values. The advanced video extensometer ave 2 is a noncontacting extensometer which uses a camera to track deformation of the specimen throughout the test. Tensile testing and hardness testing of various metals. There are two classes of testing machineselectromechanical. It was invented by charles huston who described it in an article in the journal of the franklin institute in 1879. Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic. The measurement range amount to 2 mm in the positive tensile and 1 mm in the negative compression direction. The practice is applicable only to instruments that indicate or record values that are proportional to changes in length corresponding to either tensile or compressive strain. Uniaxial tension and compression testing of materials. An extensometer for measurement of principal strain. Contactless optical extensometer for textile materials.
This includes its shape and dimensions, test requirements, and the formal standards which must be met. Lab report tensile test introduction the purpose of this. Tensile properties for plastics, polymers and steels are very sensitive to testing rates, but aluminum alloys exhibit little sensitivity. How to select the right extensometer for your material. This test is a destructive method, in which a specimen of a standard shape and dimensions prepared according to astm d 638tandard test method for tensile properties of. Automatic contacting extensometer fulfills this demand and enhances the productivity of testing. Role of test specimen properties in extensometer selection the requirements for an extensometer are determined primarily by the characteristics of the material to be tested. Jan 21, 2019 these define the test sequence, accuracy, gage length, and environmental conditions like test temperature. Jul, 2018 uconn mse mechanical testing lab the extensometer will accurately measure strain by clamping onto the reduced area portion of a sample and mitigate the effects of grips on position measurement. Uconn mse mechanical testing lab the extensometer will accurately measure strain by clamping onto the reduced area portion of a sample and mitigate the.
It is further recommended that for measurement of parameters at or after maximum force. Understanding extensometry during tensile testing azom. Extensometers a for materials testing b c d e f g h i j k l m. It does not appear the extensometer slipped during this tensile test figure 1. An extensometer is an instrument that measures test specimen elongation to characterize strain. Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area. The extensometer loading test was not performed on the porous and nonporous alumina. The measurement range amount to 2 mm in the positive tensile and. From knowledge of the specimen geometry we can calculate the engineering stress and strain from the load vs.
The range of applications where extensometers are used is diverse and the technical requirements for these devices are. Crosshead displacement an overview sciencedirect topics. Typical points of interest when tensile testing a material include. Tensile strength, proof strength, upper and lower yield strength, elongation and percentage reduction of area. It is recommended that for measurement of yield and proof strength parameter le lo2. The data shows a slight discontinuity at the beginning of the test, indicating that the extensometer slips for a brief moment. Test standards iso 95 metal material calibration of extensometer for uniaxial test astm e83 standard methods for verification and classification of extensometer system iso 68921 metal material ambient temperature tensile test method. This combination offers robustness and a high level of automation plus easy specimen handling. Tensile test machine and extensometer these accessories can be made compatible by testresources to match test machines supplied by other manufacturers. The extensometer permits quick and easy examination of a large number of test samples. The material samples used were a36 steel and 6061t6 aluminum. Automated actions and userfriendly operability increase testing throughput. The tensile test is method to measure the mechanical properties of materials. Extensometer can meet your contact extensometry needs, easily and affordably.
The mfx 500 automatic contacting extensometer provides this capability by enhancing the productivity of testing labora tories that can take advantage of the automatic gauge length positioning feature, as well as the automatic attachment to the test specimen. An extensometer is a device that is used to measure changes in the length of an object. Metals tension test with axial extensometer epsilon. If testing to other standards, such as astm d638 or iso 178, automatic extensometers also provide the flexibility of using different gauge lengths with a single device. From these measurements the following properties can also be determined. Extensometers for indirect tensile testing of asphalt. The extensometer and its accessories are contained in two black plastic cases locked in the gray cabinet near the test machine. Extensometry is the science of the measurement and analysis of changes in a materials linear dimensions during tensile testing. The modulus of elasticity is calculated as the slope in the linear elastic region of the stressstrain curve. Length of the parallel portion of the test piece used for the measurement of extension by means of an extensometer. End the test after sample break rupture analysis obtained. The tensile test consists of subjecting a test piece to a continually increasing tensile strain, generally to fracture, for the purpose of determining one or more of the following tensile properties see figs.
The tensile test, extension measurement techniques. Choosing the right extensometer for every materials. A reduced gage section specimen made from 6061t6 aluminum, ready for tensile testing. Identify the specimens gage length many extensometers and recommended for testing extensometer measurements are taken over the center of a tensile or fatigue specimen called the gage section. The requirements for an extensometer are determined primarily by the characteristics of the material to be tested. Easy mounting with builtin breakaway feature should specimen fracture. Begin the test by separating the tensile grips at a speed of 20 inches per minute 5. The testing procedure was repeated for the rest of the specimens.
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